Disclosure, self-esteem, and public perception in gays and lesbians

Sixty-six gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals were surveyed via the Internet to determine their degree of disclosure regarding sexual orientation, self-esteem, and perceived public attitudes towards lesbians and gay men. Perceived attitudes were measured by having participants complete the Attitudes Towards Gays and Lesbians Scale (ATGL), as they believe an “average heterosexual” would. Ninety-nine heterosexuals were also surveyed and given the ATGL. Additional data were gathered regarding attitudes towards women, racism, personal contact with gays and lesbians, and anxiety levels. Demographic variables assessed included, age, ethnic background, religious affiliation and frequency of attendance, education obtained and income. Degree of disclosure among non-heterosexual participants was positively correlated with social self-esteem, but not with individual self-esteem or with perceived attitudes towards gays and lesbians. Non-heterosexual participants perceived more negative reactions from the general public than were found in the heterosexual group, and reported more positive attitudes towards women and minorities than those reported by heterosexuals.